25.2 代码生成与补全

19 分钟阅读

代码生成与补全概述#

Claude Code 提供了强大的代码生成与补全功能，可以根据自然语言描述、代码片段、API 规范等生成高质量的代码，并智能补全未完成的代码。

代码生成#

1. 从自然语言生成代码#

示例：从自然语言生成代码

用户请求： "创建一个用户认证系统，支持注册、登录、密码重置功能"

Claude Code 生成的代码：

python
````python

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_jwt_extended import JWTManager, create_access_token, jwt_required, get_jwt_identity
from flask_mail import Mail, Message
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import bcrypt
import secrets

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///auth.db'
app.config['JWT_SECRET_KEY'] = 'your-secret-key'
app.config['JWT_ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRES'] = timedelta(hours=24)
app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.gmail.com'
app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = 587
app.config['MAIL_USE_TLS'] = True
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = 'your-email@gmail.com'
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = 'your-password'

db = SQLAlchemy(app)
jwt = JWTManager(app)
mail = Mail(app)

class User(db.Model):
"""用户模型"""
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
password_hash = db.Column(db.String(128), nullable=False)
is_active = db.Column(db.Boolean, default=True)
created_at = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
updated_at = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, onupdate=datetime.utcnow)

reset_token = db.Column(db.String(100), unique=True)
reset_token_expires = db.Column(db.DateTime)

class PasswordReset(db.Model):
"""密码重置记录"""
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('users.id'), nullable=False)
token = db.Column(db.String(100), unique=True, nullable=False)
expires_at = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False)
used = db.Column(db.Boolean, default=False)
created_at = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)

@app.route('/register', methods=['POST'])
def register():
"""用户注册"""
data = request.get_json()

 # 验证输入
if not data.get('username') or not data.get('email') or not data.get('password'):
return jsonify({'error': 'Missing required fields'}), 400

 # 检查用户名是否已存在
if User.query.filter_by(username=data['username']).first():
return jsonify({'error': 'Username already exists'}), 400

 # 检查邮箱是否已存在
if User.query.filter_by(email=data['email']).first():
return jsonify({'error': 'Email already exists'}), 400

 # 验证密码强度
if len(data['password']) < 8:
return jsonify({'error': 'Password must be at least 8 characters'}), 400

 # 创建用户
user = User(
username=data['username'],
email=data['email'],
password_hash=bcrypt.hashpw(
data['password'].encode('utf-8'),
bcrypt.gensalt()
).decode('utf-8')
)

db.session.add(user)
db.session.commit()

 # 生成访问令牌
access_token = create_access_token(identity=user.id)

return jsonify({
'message': 'User registered successfully',
'user': {
'id': user.id,
'username': user.username,
'email': user.email
},
'access_token': access_token
}), 201

@app.route('/login', methods=['POST'])
def login():
"""用户登录"""
data = request.get_json()

 # 验证输入
if not data.get('username') or not data.get('password'):
return jsonify({'error': 'Missing username or password'}), 400

 # 查找用户
user = User.query.filter_by(username=data['username']).first()

if not user or not bcrypt.checkpw(
data['password'].encode('utf-8'),
user.password_hash.encode('utf-8')
):
return jsonify({'error': 'Invalid username or password'}), 401

if not user.is_active:
return jsonify({'error': 'Account is deactivated'}), 403

 # 生成访问令牌
access_token = create_access_token(identity=user.id)

return jsonify({
'message': 'Login successful',
'user': {
'id': user.id,
'username': user.username,
'email': user.email
},
'access_token': access_token
})

@app.route('/me', methods=['GET'])
@jwt_required()
def get_current_user():
"""获取当前用户信息"""
user_id = get_jwt_identity()
user = User.query.get(user_id)

if not user:
return jsonify({'error': 'User not found'}), 404

return jsonify({
'id': user.id,
'username': user.username,
'email': user.email,
'is_active': user.is_active,
'created_at': user.created_at.isoformat()
})

@app.route('/request-password-reset', methods=['POST'])
def request_password_reset():
"""请求密码重置"""
data = request.get_json()

if not data.get('email'):
return jsonify({'error': 'Email is required'}), 400

user = User.query.filter_by(email=data['email']).first()

if not user:
 # 为了安全，不透露邮箱是否存在
return jsonify({
'message': 'If the email exists, a reset link has been sent'
}), 200

 # 生成重置令牌
reset_token = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
reset_token_expires = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(hours=1)

 # 保存重置令牌
password_reset = PasswordReset(
user_id=user.id,
token=reset_token,
expires_at=reset_token_expires
)

db.session.add(password_reset)
db.session.commit()

 # 发送重置邮件
reset_link = f"http://localhost:3000/reset-password?token={reset_token}"

msg = Message(

'Password Reset Request', recipients=[user.email] ) msg.body = f''' Hello {user.username},

You have requested to reset your password. Click the link below to reset your password:

{reset_link}

This link will expire in 1 hour.

If you did not request this password reset, please ignore this email. '''

mail.send(msg)

return jsonify({ 'message': 'If the email exists, a reset link has been sent' }), 200

@app.route('/reset-password', methods=['POST']) def reset_password(): """重置密码""" data = request.get_json()

if not data.get('token') or not data.get('password'): return jsonify({'error': 'Token and password are required'}), 400

查找重置记录

password_reset = PasswordReset.query.filter_by( token=data['token'], used=False ).first()

if not password_reset: return jsonify({'error': 'Invalid or expired reset token'}), 400

if password_reset.expires_at < datetime.utcnow(): return jsonify({'error': 'Reset token has expired'}), 400

验证密码强度

if len(data['password']) < 8: return jsonify({'error': 'Password must be at least 8 characters'}), 400

更新密码

user = User.query.get(password_reset.user_id) user.password_hash = bcrypt.hashpw( data['password'].encode('utf-8'), bcrypt.gensalt() ).decode('utf-8')

标记重置令牌为已使用

password_reset.used = True

db.session.commit()

return jsonify({'message': 'Password reset successful'}), 200

@app.route('/change-password', methods=['POST']) @jwt_required() def change_password(): """修改密码""" data = request.get_json() user_id = get_jwt_identity()

if not data.get('current_password') or not data.get('new_password'): return jsonify({'error': 'Current password and new password are required'}), 400

user = User.query.get(user_id)

验证当前密码

if not bcrypt.checkpw( data['current_password'].encode('utf-8'), user.password_hash.encode('utf-8') ): return jsonify({'error': 'Current password is incorrect'}), 400

验证新密码强度

if len(data['new_password']) < 8: return jsonify({'error': 'New password must be at least 8 characters'}), 400

更新密码

user.password_hash = bcrypt.hashpw( data['new_password'].encode('utf-8'), bcrypt.gensalt() ).decode('utf-8')

db.session.commit()

return jsonify({'message': 'Password changed successfully'}), 200

if name == 'main': with app.app_context(): db.create_all() app.run(debug=True)

bash
> - 用户注册功能
> - 用户登录功能
> - JWT 认证
> - 密码重置请求
> - 密码重置
> - 修改密码
> - 邮件发送
> - 数据验证
> - 错误处理

2. 从 API 规范生成代码#

示例：从 OpenAPI 规范生成代码

用户请求： "根据这个 OpenAPI 规范生成 API 代码" OpenAPI 规范：

yaml
`yaml

openapi: 3.0.0
info:
title: Product API
version: 1.0.0

paths:
/products:
get:
summary: Get all products
parameters:
 - name: page
in: query
schema:
type: integer
 - name: per_page
in: query
schema:
type: integer
responses:
'200':
description: Success
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: object
properties:
products:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Product'
total:
type: integer
page:
type: integer

post:
summary: Create a product
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/ProductCreate'
responses:
'201':
description: Created
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Product'

/products/{product_id}:
get:
summary: Get a product
parameters:
 - name: product_id
in: path
required: true
schema:
type: integer
responses:
'200':
description: Success
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Product'

put:
summary: Update a product
parameters:
 - name: product_id
in: path
required: true
schema:
type: integer
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/ProductUpdate'
responses:
'200':
description: Success
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Product'

delete:
summary: Delete a product
parameters:
 - name: product_id
in: path
required: true
schema:
type: integer
responses:
'204':
description: No content

components:
schemas:
Product:
type: object
properties:
id:
type: integer
name:
type: string
description:
type: string
price:
type: number
stock:
type: integer
category:
type: string
created_at:
type: string
format: date-time
updated_at:
type: string
format: date-time

ProductCreate:
type: object
required:
 - name
 - price
 - stock
 - category
properties:
name:
type: string
description:
type: string
price:
type: number
stock:
type: integer
category:
type: string

ProductUpdate:
type: object
properties:
name:
type: string
description:
type: string
price:
type: number
stock:
type: integer
category:
type: string

```> Claude Code 生成的代码：

```
python

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from datetime import datetime
from typing import Optional

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///products.db'

db = SQLAlchemy(app)

class Product(db.Model):
    """商品模型"""
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(200), nullable=False)
    description = db.Column(db.Text)
    price = db.Column(db.Float, nullable=False)
    stock = db.Column(db.Integer, nullable=False)
    category = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)
    created_at = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
    updated_at = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, onupdate=datetime.utcnow)

    def to_dict(self):
        """转换为字典"""
        return {
            'id': self.id,
            'name': self.name,
            'description': self.description,
            'price': self.price,
            'stock': self.stock,
            'category': self.category,
            'created_at': self.created_at.isoformat(),
            'updated_at': self.updated_at.isoformat()
        }

@app.route('/products', methods=['GET'])
def get_products():
    """获取所有商品"""
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    per_page = request.args.get('per_page', 20, type=int)

    pagination = Product.query.paginate(page=page, per_page=per_page)

    return jsonify({
        'products': [product.to_dict() for product in pagination.items],
        'total': pagination.total,
        'page': page
    })

@app.route('/products', methods=['POST'])
def create_product():
    """创建商品"""
    data = request.get_json()

    # 验证必填字段
    required_fields = ['name', 'price', 'stock', 'category']
    for field in required_fields:
        if field not in data:
            return jsonify({'error': f'Missing required field: {field}'}), 400

    # 验证数据类型
    if not isinstance(data['price'], (int, float)) or data['price'] < 0:
        return jsonify({'error': 'Price must be a positive number'}), 400

    if not isinstance(data['stock'], int) or data['stock'] < 0:
        return jsonify({'error': 'Stock must be a non-negative integer'}), 400

    # 创建商品
    product = Product(
        name=data['name'],
        description=data.get('description'),
        price=data['price'],
        stock=data['stock'],
        category=data['category']
    )

    db.session.add(product)
    db.session.commit()

    return jsonify(product.to_dict()), 201

@app.route('/products/<int:product_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_product(product_id):
    """获取商品详情"""
    product = Product.query.get_or_404(product_id)
    return jsonify(product.to_dict())

@app.route('/products/<int:product_id>', methods=['PUT'])
def update_product(product_id):
    """更新商品"""
    product = Product.query.get_or_404(product_id)
    data = request.get_json()

    # 更新字段
    if 'name' in data:
        product.name = data['name']

    if 'description' in data:
        product.description = data['description']

    if 'price' in data:
        if not isinstance(data['price'], (int, float)) or data['price'] < 0:
            return jsonify({'error': 'Price must be a positive number'}), 400
        product.price = data['price']

    if 'stock' in data:
        if not isinstance(data['stock'], int) or data['stock'] < 0:
            return jsonify({'error': 'Stock must be a non-negative integer'}), 400
        product.stock = data['stock']

    if 'category' in data:
        product.category = data['category']

    product.updated_at = datetime.utcnow()
    db.session.commit()

    return jsonify(product.to_dict())

@app.route('/products/<int:product_id>', methods=['DELETE'])
def delete_product(product_id):
    """删除商品"""
    product = Product.query.get_or_404(product_id)
    db.session.delete(product)
    db.session.commit()

    return '', 204

if __name__ == '__main__':
    with app.app_context():
        db.create_all()
    app.run(debug=True)

> **生成的代码包含**:
> - 完整的 CRUD 操作
> - 数据验证
> - 分页功能
> - 错误处理
> - 符合 OpenAPI 规范

## 代码补全
### 1. 智能方法补全

```
python

# 示例：智能方法补全

用户输入：
```python
```python

class OrderService:
    def __init__(self, db):
        self.db = db

    def create_order(self, user_id, items):
        """创建订单"""
        pass

Claude Code 自动补全：

````python
````python

class OrderService:
def __init__(self, db):
self.db = db

def create_order(self, user_id, items):
"""
创建订单

参数:
user_id: 用户 ID
items: 商品列表 [{'product_id': 1, 'quantity': 2}, ...]

返回:
订单对象
"""
 # 验证用户
user = self.db.session.query(User).filter_by(id=user_id).first()
if not user:
raise UserNotFoundError(f"User with id {user_id} not found")

 # 验证商品
product_ids = [item['product_id'] for item in items]
products = self.db.session.query(Product).filter(
Product.id.in_(product_ids)
).all()

product_map = {product.id: product for product in products}

for item in items:
if item['product_id'] not in product_map:
raise ProductNotFoundError(
f"Product with id {item['product_id']} not found"
)

product = product_map[item['product_id']]
if product.stock < item['quantity']:
raise InsufficientStockError(
f"Insufficient stock for product {product.name}"
)

 # 计算总金额
total_amount = sum(
product_map[item['product_id']].price * item['quantity']
for item in items
)

 # 创建订单
order = Order(
user_id=user_id,
total_amount=total_amount,
status='pending'
)

self.db.session.add(order)
self.db.session.flush()

 # 创建订单项
for item in items:
product = product_map[item['product_id']]
order_item = OrderItem(
order_id=order.id,
product_id=item['product_id'],
quantity=item['quantity'],
price=product.price
)
self.db.session.add(order_item)

 # 扣减库存
product.stock -= item['quantity']

self.db.session.commit()

return order

def get_order(self, order_id):
"""获取订单详情"""
order = self.db.session.query(Order).filter_by(id=order_id).first()
if not order:
raise OrderNotFoundError(f"Order with id {order_id} not found")
return order

def update_order_status(self, order_id, status):
"""更新订单状态"""
order = self.get_order(order_id)
order.status = status
order.updated_at = datetime.utcnow()
self.db.session.commit()
return order

def cancel_order(self, order_id):
"""取消订单"""
order = self.get_order(order_id)

if order.status in ['paid', 'shipped', 'completed']:
raise InvalidOrderStatusError(
f"Cannot cancel order with status {order.status}"
)

 # 恢复库存
for item in order.items:
product = self.db.session.query(Product).filter_by(
id=item.product_id
).first()
if product:
product.stock += item.quantity

order.status = 'cancelled'
order.updated_at = datetime.utcnow()
self.db.session.commit()

return order

def get_user_orders(self, user_id, page=1, per_page=20):
"""获取用户订单列表"""
pagination = self.db.session.query(Order).filter_by(
user_id=user_id
).order_by(
Order.created_at.desc()
).paginate(page=page, per_page=per_page)

return pagination

```> **补全的内容**:
> - 完整的方法实现
> - 数据验证
> - 错误处理
> - 库存管理
> - 相关方法补全

```
### 2. 智能类补全

# 示例：智能类补全
用户输入：
````python
`python

class UserRepository:
def __init__(self, db):
self.db = db

```> Claude Code 自动补全：

```
python

from typing import List, Optional
from datetime import datetime

class UserRepository:
    """用户仓储类"""

    def __init__(self, db):
        self.db = db

    def find_by_id(self, user_id: int) -> Optional[User]:
        """根据 ID 查找用户"""
        return self.db.session.query(User).filter_by(id=user_id).first()

    def find_by_username(self, username: str) -> Optional[User]:
        """根据用户名查找用户"""
        return self.db.session.query(User).filter_by(username=username).first()

    def find_by_email(self, email: str) -> Optional[User]:
        """根据邮箱查找用户"""
        return self.db.session.query(User).filter_by(email=email).first()

    def find_all(self, page: int = 1, per_page: int = 20):
        """查找所有用户"""
        return self.db.session.query(User).paginate(
            page=page,
            per_page=per_page
        )

    def create(self, user: User) -> User:
        """创建用户"""
        self.db.session.add(user)
        self.db.session.commit()
        return user

    def update(self, user: User) -> User:
        """更新用户"""
        user.updated_at = datetime.utcnow()
        self.db.session.commit()
        return user

    def delete(self, user_id: int) -> bool:
        """删除用户"""
        user = self.find_by_id(user_id)
        if not user:
            return False

        self.db.session.delete(user)
        self.db.session.commit()
        return True

    def exists_by_username(self, username: str) -> bool:
        """检查用户名是否存在"""
        return self.db.session.query(User).filter_by(
            username=username
        ).first() is not None

    def exists_by_email(self, email: str) -> bool:
        """检查邮箱是否存在"""
        return self.db.session.query(User).filter_by(
            email=email
        ).first() is not None

    def count(self) -> int:
        """统计用户数量"""
        return self.db.session.query(User).count()

    def search(self, keyword: str, page: int = 1, per_page: int = 20):
        """搜索用户"""
        return self.db.session.query(User).filter(
            User.username.ilike(f'%{keyword}%') |
            User.email.ilike(f'%{keyword}%')
        ).paginate(page=page, per_page=per_page)

> **补全的内容**:
> - 完整的 CRUD 方法
> - 查询方法
> - 存在性检查
> - 搜索功能
> - 分页支持

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